This week, global political and security dynamics underscored how issues of sovereignty, regional stability, and international diplomacy intersect in shaping the world order. From Sharm El Sheikh to the South China Sea, recent international developments highlight that efforts toward peace and global stability remain challenged by competing interests and humanitarian concerns.
In the Middle East, President Donald Trump and Arab-Muslim leaders signed the Gaza Peace Summit Declaration in Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt, on Monday (13/10). The declaration reinforces the proposed ceasefire between Israel and Hamas and opens the path for Gaza’s reconstruction. According to CNN, the signing took place just hours after Hamas released 20 Israeli hostages, followed by Israel’s release of 1,968 Palestinian detainees. Trump stated that the current priority is restoring basic living conditions, which will be followed by infrastructure rebuilding backed by large-scale international funding commitments.
However, conditions on the ground remain fragile. Only days after the ceasefire agreement, clashes erupted in the Gaza Strip between Hamas members and the Dogmush clan, one of the most influential armed groups in Gaza City. The fighting, which claimed civilian lives, underscores the complex social and political dynamics within Palestine amid broader regional peace efforts.
Meanwhile, in Latin America, tensions rose between Venezuela and the United States after Caracas submitted an official letter to the UN Security Council dated Wednesday (15/10). Venezuela accused the U.S. of violating its sovereignty and killing 27 civilians in an attack on a vessel in international Caribbean waters. In the letter, Venezuela’s Ambassador to the UN, Samuel Moncada, urged the Security Council to reaffirm the principles of sovereignty and territorial integrity. This development marks a new escalation in U.S.–Venezuela relations, following Trump’s direct authorization of CIA operations in the area.
Political upheaval also unfolded in Madagascar, where President Andry Rajoelina was impeached by parliament with military support over allegations of power abuse. The crisis triggered large-scale protests dominated by Gen-Z youth and caused economic turmoil, with national per capita income reportedly dropping by up to 45 percent. Rajoelina is said to have fled aboard a French military aircraft, while domestic conditions in Madagascar remain uncertain.
In East Asia, tensions in the South China Sea rose again after Chinese and Philippine vessels collided near the disputed Thitu Island. Both countries accused each other of provocation and territorial violations. The United States expressed full support for the Philippines, condemning China’s actions as endangering civilian sailors and violating international law by ramming and deploying water cannons against a vessel belonging to the Philippine Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources.
In South Asia, cross-border gunfire between Afghanistan and Pakistan resumed on Tuesday (14/10), killing at least 15 people and injuring dozens more, including women and children. Despite rising tensions, both governments signaled willingness to restore the ceasefire during negotiations held in Doha on Saturday (18/10). The talks were mediated by Qatar and Turkey as part of broader efforts to stabilize bilateral relations and prevent further escalation.
From Southeast Asia, the South Korean government repatriated 64 of its nationals from Cambodia who had been detained for alleged involvement in transnational online scam operations. The repatriation followed investigations into the torture and killing of a South Korean student in Cambodia linked to fraudulent job networks. As a preventive measure, Seoul issued a “black code” travel ban for specific regions in Cambodia and deployed a high-level delegation to protect its citizens who have been subjected to exploitation.
Source:
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“Kronologi Hamas Serang Milisi Gaza saat Gencatan Senjata dengan Israel.” CNN Indonesia. 14 October 2025. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/internasional/20251014101035-120-1284268/kronologi-hamas-serang-milisi-gaza-saat-gencatan-senjata-dengan-israel.
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“South Koreans return from Cambodia facing investigation over online scams.” Reuters. 18 October 2025. https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/south-koreans-return-cambodia-facing-investigation-over-online-scams-2025-10-18/?rpc=401&.
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Nichols, Michelle. “Venezuela asks UN Security Council to say US strikes illegal.” Reuters. 17 October 2025. https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/venezuela-asks-un-security-council-say-us-strikes-illegal-2025-10-16/.